Unraveling the Classic Proportions Through the Anthropometric Analysis of the Architectural Heritage The Case of the Pantheon

Abstract

Previous results of this research allow to raise the Hypothesis that a simple metric law is sufficient to justify the different dimensions of the various parts composing ancient architectural constructions, from its general layout to every single detail. This Hypothesis is based on the observation that any modulation in historic buildings match with the sides and diagonals of human-sized square pattern, and its duodecimal divisions. However, it´s not possible to match exclusively to the side-square scale, because the Side-Diagonal Dual Scale is necessary, and is sufficient. The analysis of scientific surveys with digital precision led to find the serendipity beyond the current state of the art demonstrating the compliance with this law in architectural works of very different historical periods. This research deals with the study of the Pantheon through the survey of the Bern Digital Pantheon Project. It is highlighted that from the obtained results, in addition to the compliance of the Principle of Proportionality proposed, the Pantheon presents similar modular patterns to those detected in other examples. Knowledge of this common System of Proportions used in the past could represent a scientific breakthrough or new paradigm in the study and preservation of architectural heritage.