Stream Surface Parametrization by Flow-Orthogonal Front Lines

Abstract

The generation of discrete stream surfaces is an important and challenging task in scientific visualization, which can be considered a particular instance of geometric modeling. The quality of numerically integrated stream surfaces depends on a number of parameters that can be controlled locally, such as time step or distance of adjacent vertices on the front line. In addition there is a parameter that cannot be controlled locally: stream surface meshes tend to show high quality, well-shaped elements only if the current front line is "globally" approximately perpendicular to the flow direction. We analyze the impact of this geometric property and present a novel solution a stream surface integrator that forces the front line to be perpendicular to the flow and that generates quaddominant meshes with well-shaped and well-aligned elements. It is based on the integration of a scaled version of the flow field, and requires repeated minimization of an error functional along the current front line. We show that this leads to computing the 1-dimensional kernel of a bidiagonal matrix: a linear problem that can be solved efficiently. We compare our method with existing stream surface integrators and apply it to a number of synthetic and real world data sets.